Résumé

Résumé

We consider Lie groups $G$ endowed with a pair of anticommuting left-invariant abelian complex structures $(J_1,J_2)$ and a left-invariant, possibly indefinite, metric $g$ such that $(G,J_1,J_2,g)$ results to be a hyperkähler manifold. We study the algebraic structure and geometric properties of such Lie groups with an abelian hyperkähler structure. It results that such groups are always 3-step nilpotent and there is a correspondence between the associated hyperkähler Lie algebras and certain triples $(V,Omega, J_s)$ defined for a complex (associative) commutative algebra $V$ such that $V^3={0}$. This correspondence allows us to compute the Riemannian curvature of the pseudo-metric, describe the holonomy algebra and show that hyperkähler Lie groups with abelian complex structures are complete and locally symmetric. This clearly implies that every simply-connected Lie group endowed with an abelian hyperkähler structure is actually a symmetric space. In constrast to the definite case, there exist non-flat examples of abelian hyperkähler Lie groups; they cannot be 2-step nilpotent and their dimension is always equal to or greater than 16. Moreover, using the triple description, we classify up to Lie algebra isomorphism all Lie algebras $g$ admitting an abelian hyperkähler structure for $dimgle 12$. Some remarks on their classification up to triholomorphic symplectomorphism will also be mentioned. [BS_HK] I. Bajo, E. Sanmart'{i}n, « Indefinite hyperkähler metrics on Lie groups with abelian complex structures », 2019, to appear in Transformation Groups.

Let (X=G/K) be a noncompact complex Grassmann manifold of rank (r). Let (tau_l) be a character of (K), and (Ktimes_M{C}) the homogeneous line bundle associated with (tau_{l_{mid M}}). We give an image characterization for the Poisson transform (P_{lambda,l}) of (L^2)-sections of (Ktimes_M{C}). More precisely, for real and regular spectral parameter (lambda) in (mathfrak{a}^ast) we prove that (P_{lambda,l}) is an isomorphism from (L^2(Ktimes_M{C})) onto a space of joint eigensections (F) of the algebra of (G)-invariant differential operators on (Gtimes_K{C}) that satisfy (displaystylesup_{R>1}frac{1}{R^r}int_{B(R)}mid F(g)mid^2, {rm d}g<infty.) This generalizes a conjecture by Strichartz which corresponds to (tau_l) trivial.\

www.iecl.univ-lorraine.fr/~Khalid.Koufany/SL2R2020/programme.html

Résumé

Résumé

Le but de cet exposé est d’introduire une classe indice pour les opérateurs longitudinaux G-transversalement elliptiques. Je commencerai par rappeler la définition de l’indice d’un opérateur elliptique G-invariant sur une variété compacte et le théorème de l’indice d’Atiyah-Singer. Ensuite j’introduirai la définition de la classe indice pour un opérateur G-transversalement elliptique introduite par Atiyah et celle pour les familles d’opérateurs G-transversalement elliptiques introduite dans ma thèse. Je discuterai dans le même temps les différents axiomes vérifiés par ces classes indices. Je terminerai avec les derniers résultats obtenus en collaboration avec Moulay Benameur, dans le cadre des feuilletages.

Brascamp–Lieb inequalities are multilinear integral inequalities, classically set in Euclidean spaces, in which the functions involved possess symmetries that can be described via annihilation by translation invariant vector fields. With this point of view in mind, in this seminar I will present a general strategy to obtain inequalities of Brascamp–Lieb type on compact homogeneous spaces of Lie groups. The proof relies on a monotonicity property of the heat flow. In particular, I will focus on the case of real spheres, where the obtained inequalities are seen to be sharp for certain choices of symmetries.

Quantum groups have been defined in the analytical/topological setting by Woronowicz in the 1980s. In this talk, we will give a brief introduction to these objects and see how they can be used for describing quantum symmetries. We will discuss some examples arising from so called « easy » quantum groups or quantum automorphism groups of finite graphs. Some ongoing research project on de Finetti type theorems with Isabelle Baraquin (Metz) will be mentioned as well.

In this talk I will present the problem of finding extremal potentials for the functional determinant of a one-dimensional Schrödinger operator defined on a bounded interval with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We consider potentials in a fixed $L^q$ space with $qgeq 1$. Functional determinants of Sturm-Liouville operators with smooth potentials or with potentials with prescribed singularities have been widely studied, I will present a short review of these results and will explain how to extend the definition of the functional determinant to potentials in $L^q$. The maximization problem turns out to be equivalent to a problem in optimal control. I will explain how we obtain existence and uniqueness of the maximizers. The results presented in the talk are join work with J-B. Caillau (UCDA, CNRS, Inria, LJAD) and P. Freitas (Lisboa).

For an arbitrary morphism of (super)manifolds, the pull-back is a linear map of the space of functions. In 2014 Th.Voronov have introduced thick morphisms of (super)manifolds which define a generally non-linear pull-back of functions. This construction was introduced as an adequate tool to describe L-infinity morphisms of algebras of functions provided with the structure of a homotopy Poisson algebra. It turns out that if you go down from `heaven to earth’, and consider usual (not super!) manifolds, then we come to constructions which have natural interpretation in classical and quantum mechanics. In particular in this case the geometrical object which defines the thick diffeomorphism becomes an action of classsical mecanics, and pull-back of the thick diffeomorphism with a quadratic action give a spinor representation. I will define a thick morphism and will tell shortly about their application in homotopy Poisson algebras. Then I will discuss the relation of thick morphisms with notions such as the action in classical mechanics and spinors. The talk is based on the work: « Thick morphisms of supermanifolds, quantum mechanics and spinor representation’, J.Geom. and Phys., 2019, article Number: 103540, https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.geomphys.2019.103540, arXiv:1909.00290 Authors: Hovhannes Khudaverdian, Theodore Voronov

We study a specific Poincaré-Sobolev inequality in bounded domains, that has recently been used to prove a semi-classical bound on the kinetic energy of fermionic many-body states. The corresponding inequality in the entire space is precisely scale invariant and this gives rise to an interesting phenomenon. Optimizers exist for some (most ?) domains and do not exist for some other domains, at least for the isosceles triangle in two dimensions. In this talk, I will discuss bounds on the constant in the inequality and the proofs of existence and non-existence. This is joint work with Rafael Benguria and Cristà³bal Vallejos (PUC, Chile).

Le théorème de Hohenberg-Kohn est un résultat fondamental de la mécanique quantique à  N corps, il prouve l’injectivité de l’application allant des champs électriques vers l’état du système quantique électronique ou nucléaire à  l’équilibre. Il justifie la Density functional theory, qui est la méthode la plus utilisée pour étudier pratiquement les systèmes électroniques à  l’échelle microscopique. Nous introduirons le contexte mathématique, puis le théorème, et nous montrerons en quoi sa preuve repose sur un résultat de continuation unique forte. Enfin, nous essaierons d’étendre le théorème à  des champs magnétiques, des potentiels non locaux, des interactions et des températures positives, ce qui soulève des questions mathématiques nouvelles d’unicité.

Dans ces exposés, nous étudierons la convergence de marches aléatoires, sur les groupes quantiques finis de Sekine, définies à  partir de combinaisons linéaires des caractères irréductibles. Après avoir présenté les différents objets, nous utiliserons la théorie quantique de Diaconis et Shahshahani, introduite par McCarthy, pour borner la distance à  l’état de Haar. Nous réaliserons ensuite une classification des comportements asymptotiques en déterminant, s’il existe, l’état limite.

(Joint work with T.Benoist, R. Raquépas) Since Kurchan’s seminal work (2000), two-time measurement statistics (also known as full counting statistics) has been shown to have an important theoretical role in the context of quantum statistical mechanics, as they allow for an extension of the celebrated fluctuation relation to the quantum setting. In this contribution, we consider heat two-time measurement statistics for a locally perturbed system. We translate the problem into the analysis of the spectral measure of an auxiliary operator (a perturbed Liouvillean), which allow us to tackle consider infinitely extended reservoir. Through the analysis of this spectral measure momenta, we show heat fluctuation description differs considerably form its classical counterpart, in particular a crucial role is played by ultraviolet regularity conditions. For bounded perturbations, we give sufficient ultraviolet regularity conditions on the perturbation for the moments of the heat variation to be uniformly bounded in time, and for the Fourier transform of the heat variation distribution to be analytic and uniformly bounded in time in a complex neighborhood of 0. On a set of canonical examples, with bounded and unbounded perturbations, we show that our ultraviolet conditions are essentially necessary. If the form factor of the perturbation does not meet our assumptions, the heat variation distribution exhibits heavy tails. The tails can be as heavy as preventing the existence of a fourth moment of the heat variation. This phenomenon has no classical analogue.

Dans ces exposés, nous étudierons la convergence de marches aléatoires, sur les groupes quantiques finis de Sekine, définies à  partir de combinaisons linéaires des caractères irréductibles. Après avoir présenté les différents objets, nous utiliserons la théorie quantique de Diaconis et Shahshahani, introduite par McCarthy, pour borner la distance à  l’état de Haar. Nous réaliserons ensuite une classification des comportements asymptotiques en déterminant, s’il existe, l’état limite.

La description quantique et relativiste des particules élémentaires a rapproché de manière considérable les notions de force et de matière. Les deux sont décrites en termes de champs; ce qui les distingue est le spin: entier pour la force, demi-entier pour la matière. Dans le second cas, la limite classique nécessite de travailler dans une catégorie de supervariétés. Dans cet exposé, nous commencerons par définir l’extension naturelle de la mécanique classique d’une particule aux supervariétés, puis nous procéderons à  sa quantification. La mécanique quantique supersymétrique ainsi obtenue fournit un cadre naturel qui permet d’établir, ne serait-ce qu’à  un niveau heuristique, la formule de Atiyah-Singer donnant l’indice de l’opérateur de Dirac. Après une brève discussion des notions requises, nous tenterons de présenter les arguments, remontant à  Witten, qui mènent à  la formule de l’indice, en se basant sur la localisation d’une intégrale de chemin dans la supervariété des lacets.