Séminaire EDP, Analyse et Applications | Metz

Dans cet exposé, on discutera différents aspects de l’opérateur de Dirac en dimension trois, couplé à  un potentiel singulier supporté sur une surface. Après avoir motivé l’étude de tels objets, on s’intéressera brièvement au problème d’auto-adjonction pour des potentiels singuliers de type électrostatique ou de type scalaire de Lorentz. Pour cette dernière classe de potentiels, on étudiera la structure du spectre d’un tel opérateur et en particulier, on montrera que lorsque la masse de la particule tend vers l’infini, dans le cas d’un potentiel attractif, les valeurs propres se comportent au premier ordre comme les valeurs propres d’un opérateur effectif sur la surface. On verra que cet opérateur effectif est en fait un opérateur de Schrödinger avec champ de Yang-Mills couplé à  un potentiel électrique, le champ et le potentiel étant tous deux de nature géométrique. Il s’agit de travaux en collaboration avec Markus Holzmann, Konstantin Pankrashkin et Luis Vega. [1.] A strategy for self-adjointness of Dirac operators: applications to the MIT bag model and delta-shell interactions, with Luis Vega, 30p., to appear in Publicacions Matemà tiques, arXiv:1612.07058, 2016. [2.] Dirac operators with Lorentz scalar shell interactions, with Markus Holzmann and Konstantin Pankrashkin, 41 p., submitted, arXiv:1711.00746, 2017.

We will first review some variational formulations of the time-harmonic Maxwell equations with impedance boundary conditions in smooth and non-smooth domains. Secondly, the singularities of this system in polyhedral domains will be described. The talk is based on joint works with M. Costabel (Rennes), M. Dauge (Rennes) and J. Tomezyk (Valenciennes).

The problem under consideration belongs to the wide family of quantum wave guides. Such guides are unbounded domains endowed with a simple structure at infinity. For instance, in two dimensions, they coincide outside of a compact set with two half-strips of constant width. The Dirichlet Laplace operator in these guides has a non empty essential spectrum. The game is to investigate the presence of discrete spectrum under the threshold of the essential spectrum. In two dimensions the situation is well-known: For any wave guide of constant width and non identically zero curvature, bound states do exist. In three dimensions, recent results provide the existence of infinitely many bound states in conical layers with smooth profiles. In this talk we address the archetypic non smooth conical layer, which we name after Fichera. It can be viewed as an octant from which is removed another octant translated from the first one along the diagonal line of coordinates. We characterize the essential spectrum and prove that the discrete spectrum has at most a finite number of elements. Numerical computations tend to prove that there is exactly one bound state. We mention various generalizations of this result. From a joint work with Yvon Lafranche (Rennes) and Thomas Ourmières-Bonafos (Paris-Sud).

Dans cette présentation, nous nous intéressons à  des questions d’invisibilité et de réflexion totale dans des guides d’ondes acoustiques à  section transverse bornée. Plus précisément, nous présentons deux approches permettant de construire des géométries pour lesquelles les coefficients de réflexion ou de transmission sont nuls à  fréquence donnée. Puis, dans un second temps, nous proposons une méthode spectrale, basée sur des techniques de dilatation analytique, pour déterminer, à  géométrie donnée, les fréquences pour lesquelles le guide est non-réflexif.

Il s’agit d’un travail sur une classe d’opérateurs de Schroedinger non-autoadjoints qui sont perturbation d’un opérateur modèle vérifiant certaine hypothèse de coercivité à  poids. On y voit en particulier la contribution de résonances positives au comportement en grands temps de la solution

The focus of this talk will be on the explanation of various mathematical concepts which go under the name of resonance and how they are related. Towards the end, I will give a non-technical survey of some recent results.

I will present the Palindromic Discontinuous Galerkin (PDG) method. The PDG method is a general implicit (but matrix-free) high order method for approximating systems of conservation laws. It relies on a kinetic interpretation of the conservation laws containing stiff relaxation terms. The kinetic system is approximated with an asymptotic-preserving high order DG method. I will also describe the parallel implementation of the method, based on the StarPU runtime library, and some applications to fluid mechanics and plasma physics

Let $Ngeq 2$ and $Omegasubseteq mathbb{R}^N$ denote a domain containing the origin $0$. In this talk, we present recent gradient estimates for the positive solutions $uin C^2(Omegasetminus{0})$ of nonlinear elliptic equations such as $$ {rm div} (|x|^{sigma}|nabla u|^{p-2} nabla u)= |x|^{-tau} u^q |nabla u|^m quad mathrm{in } Omega setminus { 0 }. $$ We assume throughout that $m,p,q,sigma$ and $tau$ are real parameters satisfying $p in ]1,N+sigma]$ and $min{k,ell,m,q}in ]0,+infty[$, where $k:=m+q-p+1$ and $ell:=q+1-sigma-tau $. This is joint work with Joshua Ching (The University of Sydney).

In this talk, we shall present some homogenization results, obtained via the periodic unfolding method, for thermal diffusion problems in a highly heterogeneous periodic composite material formed by two constituents, separated by an imperfect interface where the temperature and the flux exhibit jumps. Depending on the geometry of the composite medium, on the properties of its two constituents and on the magnitude of the jump of the solution and of the flux across the imperfect interface, various types of problems arise at the macroscale. These problems capture in various ways the influence of the jumps: in the effective coefficients, in the right-hand side of the homogenized problem, and in the correctors, as well. Joint work with Renata Bunoiu (Université de Lorraine – Metz, France)

We consider a domain which has the form of a brush in 3D or the form of a comb in 2D, i.e. an open set which is composed of cylindrical vertical teeth distributed over a fixed basis. All the teeth have a similar fixed height; their cross sections can vary from one teeth to another one and are not supposed to be smooth; moreover the teeth can be adjacent, i.e. they can share parts of their boundaries. The diameter of every tooth is supposed to be less than or equal to epsilon, and the asymptotic volume fraction of the teeth (as epsilon tends to zero) is supposed to be bounded from below away from zero, but no periodicity is assumed on the distribution of the teeth. In this domain we study the asymptotic behavior, as epsilon tends to zero, of the solution of a second order elliptic equation with a zeroth order term which is bounded from below away from zero, when the homogeneous Neumann boundary condition is imposed on the whole of the boundary. First, we revisit the problem where the source term belongs to L2. This is a classical problem, but our homogenization result takes place in a geometry which is more general that the ones which have been considered before. Moreover we prove a corrector result which is new. Then, we study the case where the source term belongs to L1. Working in the framework of renormalized solutions and introducing a definition of renormalized solutions for degenerate elliptic equations where only the vertical derivative is involved (such a definition is new), we identify the limit problem and prove a corrector result. This is joint work with Olivier Guibé (Université de Rouen, France) and Francois Murat (CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI, France).